{"id":4403,"date":"2012-03-25T10:36:49","date_gmt":"2012-03-25T17:36:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/?p=4403"},"modified":"2015-06-13T16:55:24","modified_gmt":"2015-06-13T23:55:24","slug":"carbohydrate-lowers-exercise-induced-stress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/2012\/03\/25\/carbohydrate-lowers-exercise-induced-stress\/","title":{"rendered":"Carbohydrate Lowers Exercise Induced Stress"},"content":{"rendered":"

Also see:
\nExercise Induced Stress<\/a>
\nLow carb + intensive training = fall in testosterone levels<\/a>
\nTryptophan, Fatigue, Training, and Performance<\/a>
\nCarbohydrate Lowers Free Tryptophan<\/a>
\nSugar (Sucrose) Restrains the Stress Response<\/a><\/p>\n

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Feb;38(2):286-92.
\nEffects of graded carbohydrate supplementation on the immune response in cycling.<\/a>
\n<\/strong>Scharhag J, Meyer T, Auracher M, Gabriel HH, Kindermann W.
\nPURPOSE:
\nThis study examined the acute immune response after three standardized cycling sessions of 4-h duration in the field with varying carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion. We hypothesized that the ingestion of carbohydrate (6 or 12% CHO beverages; placebo (P) without CHO) during exercise attenuates the exercise-induced immune response in a dose-dependent manner.
\nMETHODS:
\nA total of 14 male competitive cyclists and triathletes (age: 25 +\/- 5 yr; height: 180 +\/- 7 cm; weight: 72 +\/- 9 kg; VO2max: 67 +\/- 6 mL.min(-1).kg(-1)) cycled for 4 h on a 400-m track at a given workload of 70% of the individual anaerobic threshold (198 +\/- 21 W). Leukocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry before, immediately, and 1 and 19 h after exercise. In addition, C-reactive protein (CRP) interleukin 6 (IL-6), and cortisol were determined.
\nRESULTS:
\nThe exercise-induced increase in leukocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes was significantly attenuated to the same extent by 6 and 12% CHO (P < 0.001). No differences could be demonstrated for lymphocytes and natural killer cells. The increase in CRP was attenuated significantly by 12% CHO only (P < 0.05), whereas the increase in cortisol and IL-6 was significantly reduced by 6 and 12% CHO (P < 0.001). The postexercise neutrophilia, which dominated the exercise-induced leukocytosis, was strongly related to the postexercise concentration of cortisol (r = 0.72; P < 0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS:\nBecause of the lacking dose-dependent difference, the ingestion of at least 6% CHO beverages can sufficiently attenuate the exercise-induced immune response and stress, especially in phagocytizing cells (neutrophils and monocytes) by the reduced release of cortisol.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2005 Oct;15(5):465-79.
\nInfluence of acute vitamin C and\/or carbohydrate ingestion on hormonal, cytokine, and immune responses to prolonged exercise.<\/a>
\n<\/strong>Davison G, Gleeson M.
\nThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C with or without carbohydrate consumed acutely in beverages before and during prolonged cycling on immunoendocrine responses. In a single blind, randomized manner six healthy, moderately trained males exercised for 2.5 h at 60% VO(2max)and consumed either placebo (PLA), carbohydrate (CHO, 6% w\/v), vitamin C (VC, 0.15% w\/v) or CHO+VC beverages before and during the bouts; trials were separated by 1 wk. CHO and CHO+VC significantly blunted the post-exercise increase in plasma concentrations of cortisol, ACTH, total leukocyte, and neutrophil counts and limited the decrease in plasma glucose concentration and bacteria-stimulated neutrophil degranulation.<\/strong> VC increased plasma antioxidant capacity (PAC) during exercise (P < 0.05) but had no effect on any of the immunoendocrine responses (P > 0.05). CHO+VC increased PAC compared to CHO but had no greater effects,p above those observed with CHO alone, on any of the immunoendocrine responses. In conclusion, acute supplementation with a high dose of VC has little or no effect on the hormonal, interleukin-6, or immune response to prolonged exercise and combined ingestion of VC with CHO provides no additional effects compared with CHO alone.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Aug;32(8):1384-9.
\nInfluence of carbohydrate on cytokine and phagocytic responses to 2 h of rowing.<\/a><\/strong>
\nHenson DA, Nieman DC, Nehlsen-Cannarella SL, Fagoaga OR, Shannon M, Bolton MR, Davis JM, Gaffney CT, Kelln WJ, Austin MD, Hjertman JM, Schilling BK.
\nPURPOSE:
\nThis study examined the influence of carbohydrate (C) versus placebo (P) beverage ingestion on the phagocytic and cytokine responses to normal rowing training by 15 elite female rowers.<\/strong>
\nMETHODS:
\nAthletes received C or P before, during and after, two, 2-h bouts of rowing performed on consecutive days. Blood was collected before and 5-10 min and 1.5 h after rowing. Metabolic measures indicated that training was performed at moderate intensities, with some high-intensity intervals interspersed throughout the sessions.
\nRESULTS:
\nConcentrations of blood neutrophils and monocytes, phagocytic activity, and plasma IL-1ra were significantly lower postexercise after C versus P ingestion.<\/strong> No differences were observed for oxidative burst activity, IL-6, IL-8, or TNFalpha. Glucose was significantly higher after 2 h of rowing with C ingestion; however, cortisol, growth hormone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and CRP were not affected by carbohydrate.
\nCONCLUSIONS:
\nThese data indicate that carbohydrate compared with placebo ingestion attenuated the moderate rise in blood neutrophils, monocytes, phagocytosis, and plasma IL-1ra concentrations that followed 2-h bouts of training in elite female rowers.<\/strong> No changes in blood hormone concentrations were found.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Also see: Exercise Induced Stress Low carb + intensive training = fall in testosterone levels Tryptophan, Fatigue, Training, and Performance Carbohydrate Lowers Free Tryptophan Sugar (Sucrose) Restrains the Stress Response Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Feb;38(2):286-92. Effects of graded carbohydrate supplementation on the immune response in cycling. Scharhag J, Meyer T, Auracher M, Gabriel HH, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[915,93,144,233,986,678,536,4],"class_list":["post-4403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-acth","tag-blood-sugar","tag-cortisol","tag-exercise","tag-immune-system","tag-immunity","tag-pituitary","tag-stress"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4403"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11304,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions\/11304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.functionalps.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}